Corporate Member Fiscal Status Report for 2025-26 Dues; National Mosquito Control Awareness Week; News Worth Repeating; Upcoming Events; Research Papers

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It’s that time of year again! Please fill out and email or fax back this year’s MVCAC Fiscal Status Report Form for your district’s MVCAC dues to be calculated.

Dues for Corporate Members are due on July 1st of each year for the fiscal year ending June 30th of the following year. Unpaid dues will be considered late on September 1st. After September 1st, a late notice will be sent which will include a $50 late payment fee. Corporate members that do not pay their dues and late fee by October 31st will be dropped from the membership rolls.

If you are interested in continuing to contribute to the West Nile Virus Call Center and indicate the amount you would like to contribute. That information then will be passed along to Heluyna Health who will provide the billing. MVCAC is only providing them the information and not providing billing services.

Second, as more and more work is being done assisting our International districts, we established a fund to help offset costs if a district member should want to go help with these efforts but may have a district that cannot fully provide monetary support. If you are able to give a little bit into this fund, please note on the dues sheet how much and we will bill you for the amount. This fund is not being budgeted into our annual budget, will only show as a pass through amount and will not be used for any other association costs.

Also, please do note that if you pay your membership dues via credit card, we will then bill you for the credit card fee per MVCAC policy.

Please feel free to contact the office if you have any questions. Thank you for supporting MVCAC. 

Fill Out Form Here

Upcoming Events; MVCAC 2025 Yearbook is Now Available; Volunteers Needed; MVCAC 2025-2026 Budget Approved; May is Lyme Disease Awareness Month; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; CEQA Status Update; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; News

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Upcoming Events; MVCAC 2025 Yearbook is Now Available; Volunteers Needed; MVCAC 2025-2026 Budget Approved; May is Lyme Disease Awareness Month; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; CEQA Status Update; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Nymphal Ixodes pacificus are most active in the spring and early summer in California. These tiny ticks pose a greater risk of transmitting Lyme disease.

Get CDPH messaging and resources to share in May:

• Social media:
  • Lyme disease messages and graphics – MVCAC PR Google Drive

• Print materials (available to order):
  • Lyme Disease in California brochure (English| Spanish)
  • Prevent Tick Bites – Prevent Disease brochure (English| Spanish)
  • Common Ticks in CA card (English | Spanish)

• Weblinks:
  • CDPH Lyme Disease webpage (updated)
  • CDPH Tick-Borne Disease Prevention webpage
  • CDPH Ticks & Tick-Borne Diseases webpage

Upcoming Events; MVCAC 2025 Yearbook is Now Available; Volunteers Needed; MVCAC 2025-2026 Budget Approved; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; CEQA Status Update; Monarch Butterfly Proposed Rule Comment Period; Merced County MAD Ribbon Cutting Ceremony May 6, 2025; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Upcoming Events; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; CEQA Status Update; Monarch Butterfly Proposed Rule Comment Period; Merced County MAD Ribbon Cutting Ceremony May 6, 2025; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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The US Fish and Wildlife Service has a proposed rule listing monarch butterflies as an endangered species. AMCA and MVCAC will be providing comment letters on the proposed 4(d) rule regarding the use of pesticides in areas where monarch butterflies are. The comment period was extended and is open until May 19. If you previously submitted a letter, thank you! If you did not before and would like to do so, please see some guidance from AMCA.

US FWS page: https://www.fws.gov/initiative/pollinators/save-monarch

AMCA page: https://www.mosquito.org/monarch3/

Upcoming Events; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; It’s Mosquito Awareness Week! April 13-19; Merced County MAD Ribbon Cutting Ceremony May 6, 2025; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Upcoming Events; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; Mosquito Awareness Week April 13-19; Request for Participation in Oropouche Virus Vector Surveillance; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Upcoming Events; Legislative Day at the California State Capitol; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; Save the Date – Mosquito Awareness Week April 13-19; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Upcoming Events; Legislative Day at the California State Capitol; Insecticide Resistance Toolkits; Save the Date – Mosquito Awareness Week April 13-19; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting – You MUST register to join!; Essential Workshop on Disaster Preparedness at Spring Meeting Monday, March 24th; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting; Essential Workshop on Disaster Preparedness at Spring Meeting Monday, March 24th; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting – Room Block Closes Monday, March 10; Essential Workshop on Disaster Preparedness at Spring Meeting Monday, March 24th; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Legendary Medical Entomologist Bruce Eldridge Dies at 91; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; 2025 Sentinel Chicken Orders Available Now – Return order form by February 28, 2025; University of California Vertebrate Pest Council Seminar Series; Reminder to Districts – NPDES reports due March 1; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Legendary Medical Entomologist Bruce Eldridge Dies at 91; Information session on Proposed Listing of Monarch Butterflies as Endangered; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; 2025 Sentinel Chicken Orders Available Now; University of California Vertebrate Pest Council Seminar Series; Reminder to Districts – NPDES reports due March 1; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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MVCAC Legislative Day & Spring Meeting; Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; January 29, 2025 Board Meeting Minutes Available Now; Glossary of Terms; New 2025 California Laws Impacting Public Agencies; Grassroots Advocacy Outreach; 2025 Sentinel Chicken Orders Available Now; University of California Vertebrate Pest Council Seminar Series; Reminder to Districts – NPDES reports due March 1; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; News

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Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; 93rd Annual Conference – Thank You; Check Out the 93rd Annual Conference Video!; Congratulations William Walton Poster Session Winners; Grassroots Advocacy Outreach; Save the Date: MVCAC Legislative Day; 2025 Sentinel Chicken Orders Available Now; AMCA Announces Request for Pre-Proposals for evaluating Culicoides control technologies and related topics. Submissions due by Friday, February 7th; University of California Vertebrate Pest Council Seminar Series; Reminder to Districts – NPDES reports due March 1; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates – Updated contact; Grassroots Advocacy; News

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The William Walton Poster session is in honor of the late William (Bill) E. Walton, PhD, who was passionate about and committed to his career in entomology and Vector Ecology. The objective of the competition is to recognize exceptional poster presentations in the field of mosquito and vector control research and operations in his honor.

1st Place: Alexandra Echenberg, Coachella Valley MVCD

Evaluating a Drone Application of VectoBac FG+ in a Duck Club Pond

2nd Place: Lemya Mohamed, University of the Pacific

Evaluating a Drone Application of VectoBac FG+ in a Duck Club Pond

3rd Place: Naomi Putirka, UC San Francisco

Investigating the prevalence and ecology of a novel SFG Rickettsia in the San Francisco Bay Area

(she did not provide a PDF of her poster)

Thank you to all who joined us last week at our 93^rd Annual MVCAC Conference in Oakland, CA!  We had over 100 speakers, over 500 attendees, 24 exhibitors and a robust 2 days of events!  We look forward to seeing everyone next year at the Omni Rancho Las Palmas, February 1-3, 2026.

We’d love to also collect any photos that were taken during the event to help with future marketing. A Google photo album has been created and can be found here: https://photos.app.goo.gl/7RUP8AN3p8DPCdBm8

The post event survey has gone out, we encourage everyone to fill this in to help us shape our program for next year and continue to strive to provide a top-notch experience to our attendees. If you did not receive it, but were an attendee, please let us know.

THANK YOU to our Event Sponsors

AMGUARD

Azelis

Central Life Sciences

Clarke

Five Star Bank

SCI

Target Specialty products

Valent Biosciences

Veseris

Save the Date MVCAC 2026 Annual Conference; Grassroots Advocacy Outreach; Save the Date: MVCAC Legislative Day; AMCA Announces Request for Pre-Proposals for evaluating Culicoides control technologies and related topics. Submissions due by Friday, February 7th; University of California Vertebrate Pest Council Seminar Series; Reminder to Districts – NPDES reports due March 1; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; Grassroots Advocacy; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Save the Date: MVCAC Legislative Day; Trustee Session Changes; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; Grassroots Advocacy; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Save the Date: MVCAC Legislative Day; Trustee Session Changes; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy NEW!; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Changes; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; Send in Tick Program Updates; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Changes; Send in Tick Program Updates; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; For Sale: Sacramento-Yolo MVCD Jeep Wranglers; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; Request for Mosquitofish Program Photographs; Send in Tick Program Updates; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; News

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93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; Request for Mosquitofish Program Photographs; Send in Tick Program Updates; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; News

Request for Mosquitofish Program Photographs; Send in Tick Program Updates; Upcoming Events; 93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; News

Request for Mosquitofish Program Photographs; Send in Tick Program Updates; Upcoming Events; 93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; Mosquito 101 Factsheet; News

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Request for Mosquitofish Program Photographs; Submit Your Communications Resources to the AMCA’s Resource Hub; Send in Tick Program Updates; Vector and Vector-borne Disease Committee Seeking Information; Upcoming Events; 93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; Mosquito 101 Factsheet; News

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Later this year, AMCA will be launching the new National Communication Strategy for Mosquito Control, one key part of the project is the Resource Hub, a new online platform designed to provide mosquito control community and the public with a wealth of resources for effective public communication.

The goal is to create a collaborative space where professionals can share their best practices and resources to help us all better educate and engage with the public. AMCA is inviting districts and public health agencies to contribute your materials to the Hub for our initial kickoff, which will include a variety of resources such as:

• Social Media & Digital Collateral: Graphics, videos, and other digital assets for social media and online platforms.
• Press Releases & Announcements: Templates and examples for crafting effective press releases and announcements.
• Fact Sheets & FAQs: Informative materials addressing common questions and concerns about mosquitoes and mosquito control.
• Educational & Classroom Resources: Lesson plans, activities, and materials for educating students and the public about mosquito-borne diseases and prevention.
• And more!

To submit your resources, please use the form here by November 1^st. If you can’t make the deadline, don’t worry there will be more opportunities to contribute in the future.

Let’s work together to build a comprehensive and valuable resource hub for our community! Any questions? Contact AMCA Technical Advisor Dan Markowski at amca.ta@mosquito.org

The MVCAC Mosquitofish and Biocontrol Subcommittee invites your District to share historic and current photos of your mosquitofish program for a special photomontage at the 2025 MVCAC Annual Meeting in Oakland. Please Click Here to submit your digitized photos. Highest resolution photos are encouraged and preferred. Please include your District name with all photos and submit by December 4, 2024. Don’t miss this opportunity to showcase your program! 

For more information please contact either Mike Saba, msaba@ocvector.org or Mark Wieland, markw@mosquitoes.org.

Send in Tick Program Updates; Vector and Vector-borne Disease Committee Seeking Information; Upcoming Events; 93rd MVCAC Conference; Trustee Session Announced; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; Mosquito 101 Factsheet; News

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Dear MVCAC Members,

As part of our ongoing efforts to support tick surveillance and Lyme disease prevention, please remember to provide any updates to your district’s tick programs to Kelly Fuery, who is serving as our representative on the Lyme Disease Advisory Council. You can reach her at kellyl@msmosquito.org

Additionally, please contact DART to grant permission to share tick data with third parties. This collaboration will help strengthen our public health initiatives and contribute to a broader understanding of tick-borne disease risks across California.

Thank you for your attention to this important matter and for your continued support in advancing our vector control efforts.

Best regards,

Conlin

MA Linske, SC Williams. 2024. Evaluation of landscaping and vegetation management to suppress host-seeking Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) nymphs on residential properties in Connecticut, USA. Environmental Entomology, 53(2), 268–276.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvae007

Abstract [shortened]: Prior studies established that I. scapularis can be found in greatest abundance in the 1-m forested ecotone surrounding the lawn edge in residential backyards. Our study was conducted on 42 properties in Guilford, CT, and sought to expand upon this premise by determining which key habitat features were associated with increased densities of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs. We quantified nymphal abundances in 19 different habitat types that were posited to in- fluence densities. We determined that nymphal I. scapularis densities were greatest in forested areas closest to lawn edges with leaf litter or understory vegetation present, as well as short lawns adjacent to woodland edges. Additionally, we determined that there were no significant declines in nymphal I. scapularis density where leaf litter was removed, lawns were left unmowed, or woodchip barriers were installed. Bird feeders and woodpiles were not associated with increased nymphal I. scapularis densities. However, areas adjacent to stone walls did have nearly 3 times the density of I. scapularis nymphs present compared with habitats without stone walls. The culmination of the results from this study can be utilized to create more targeted acaricide applications rather than broadcast spraying, as well as increase homeowner awareness for areas with heightened risk for exposure to nymphal I. scapularis, which are deemed the most epidemiologically important species and stage for pathogen transfer to humans. Note: Patterns for I. pacificus that frequently utilize lizards as hosts may be somewhat different.

Vector and Vector-borne Disease Committee Seeking Information; Upcoming Events; Call for Papers – EXTENDED to October 18; Applications for the 2025 William C. Reeves New Investigator Award; Applications for the 2025 Poster Session and William E. Walton Poster Competition; SB 1251 Signed Into Law; 93rd MVCAC Conference; MVCAC Conference Hotel Scam Alert; Dead Bird Call Center Season Ending October 11th; New Education and Outreach Factsheets Now Available; Grassroots Advocacy; Mosquito 101 Factsheet; News

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The MVCAC Vector and Vector-borne Disease Committee is gathering information on arthropod colonies that are being maintained, including mosquitoes, ticks, and others. Please let us know what you are rearing on this form. We appreciate your help: https://forms.gle/NsNRCcmniUUKYDUY6

If there are questions, please reach out to Kim Hung (khung@cvmosquito.org)

Call for Papers

The theme for the 93rd Annual MVCAC Conference is “Vector Control- A path to a more hospitable world”. The prime topics for consideration are below but please consider submitting even if your paper does not fit into one of these topics. All submissions will be considered. The deadline for submission is October 18, 2024. Requests made following this date may not be honored and may not appear in the conference program.

• Network System Security Preparedness
• Droplet Deposition/Characterization
• Data Visualization Tools/CalSurv
• Reducing Vector-borne Disease Risk through Messaging Campaigns
• Vertebrate Vector Control
• Vector-borne Disease in California
• WNV, SLE, Zika, Dengue, Malaria
• Hantavirus, Plague, Typhus
• Invasive Aedes Successes & Failures
• Novel Mosquito Control Trials
• Application Equipment
• 3D Printing Symposium
• Mosquitofish Rearing & Transport
• Suspect Pool ID Access and treatment strategies

Questions? Please reach out to Senior Meeting Manager, Rachel Hickerson at rhickerson@amgroup.us.

Submit Here

Call for the 2025 Poster Session and William E. Walton Poster Competition

Applications for the 2025 Poster Session and William E. Walton Poster Competition will be accepted through October 11, 2024. The objective of the competition is to recognize exceptional poster presentations in the field of mosquito and vector control research and operations in honor of the late Dr. William (Bill) E. Walton who was passionate about and committed his career to entomology and vector ecology. Presentations entered to compete should be focused on basic, applied science or scientific methods, include a clear hypothesis, experiment(s), and result(s), and cannot be purely theoretical. For more information, please refer to the William E. Walton Poster Competition guidelines and rules documents. This application is for all poster submissions, interested applicants for the Walton Competition must opt-in to the competition on the application form.

Apply Here

View Guidelines

2025 William C. Reeves New Investigator Award

Applications for the 2025 William C. Reeves New Investigator Award will be accepted through October 11, 2024. The William C. Reeves New Investigator Award, memorializing Dr. William C. Reeves, who was a renowned University of California entomologist, is sponsored by the Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California (MVCAC).The award is presented to the best scientific paper submitted and presented at the annual MVCAC conference. The Reeves New Investigator Award application differs from the MVCAC Call for Papers, if you have an additional speaking topic for the Call for Papers, please follow that application and guidelines.

View Application

The West Nile Virus and Dead Bird Call Center will transition to accepting internet reports only for the winter season on Friday, October 11th, at 12 pm. That day will mark the end of the WNV dead bird testing season for 2024. To date this year, approximately 5,488 dead birds have been reported, 1,578 have been tested, and 458 have tested positive for WNV.

Winter protocol: Beginning in the afternoon of October 11th, those calling to report a dead bird will hear a message encouraging them to visit westnile.ca.gov to fill out an online report. Online reporters will receive an appropriate automatic email response with carcass disposal advice, how to contact their local VCD, or instructions for further action if the bird is suitable and the local agency is testing. We will review each internet report and follow up as necessary.

Testing by RNASound cards: For the agencies with continued winter WNV dead bird testing who do not test in-house, RNASound cards may continue to be shipped to DART (UC Davis Arbovirus Research and Training Laboratory). Turnaround time will be longer, however, and there will be some periods of closure around major holidays.

If you have specific questions or concerns about year-round testing for your agency, please do not hesitate to reach out:

Marie Cerda
Vector Ecologist and Dead Bird Program Coordinator
California Department of Public Health, Vector Borne Disease Section
850 Marina Bay Parkway
Richmond CA 94804
(510) 412-6255 | Marie.Cerda@cdph.ca.gov

from Sabita Ranabhat

This post is part of a series contributed by the Entomological Society of America Student Affairs Committee. Whether you’re using a poster or giving a talk, the way you communicate can make a significant difference in how your work is perceived. Understanding your audience and presenting your research in a clear, engaging manner is key to making a lasting impact. Scientific posters come with the unique challenge of explaining research concepts in a visually compelling way yet in a limited space. This post provides find essential tips on how to create an effective poster presentation that not only conveys your findings but also leaves a lasting impression on your audience.

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It’s nomination time! Nominations are now open for MVCAC’s Meritorious Service, Honorary Member, and the Service with Distinction Awards.   All nominations must be received in the MVCAC office by October 7th .

Award Criteria: 

• Honorary Membership- for any person who has rendered exceptional, distinguished service in the interest of mosquito or vector control in the state of California 
• Meritorious Service- for any member or nonmember who have made special and significant contributions to the field of mosquito control in the State of California or elsewhere 
• Service with Distinction- may be conferred on those who have made a significant contribution to fulfilling the mission of the Association. They must meet the following criteria: Made exceptional professional or voluntary service in support of the advancement and continued excellence of the Association; have earned national or international distinction for their services in the subject of mosquito and vector control; have made a significant contribution to any local community within the jurisdiction of their agency and focused on mosquito and vector control. 

Honorary and Meritorious Service requires 5 letters from district managers in support of their nomination. Service with Distinction nominations can come from any MVCAC member. 

For all award nominations, a list of the individuals qualifying accomplishments and achievements must also be received with the nomination letter. 

Please submit nominations via email to mvcac@mvcac.org or fax at 916-444-7462 attn: Award Nominations

Please do not hesitate to contact the MVCAC office if you have any questions! 

GROUND-BASED PYRETHROID ADULTICIDES REDUCE MOSQUITOES BUT NOT NONTARGET INSECTS IN CENTRAL FLORIDA. Hart, JD, et al. 2024. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 40(3):125–136, 2024.

ABSTRACT. As stewards of public and environmental health, mosquito control agencies are rightfully concerned about [treatment] impacts on nontarget organisms. This study examined the impact of a modern, pyrethroid based ground adulticide program using ultra-low volume applications in a metropolitan county in central Florida. Nontarget insects and mosquitoes were collected in a before-after control-impact design at 21 sites over 1.5 years. While mosquitoes were reduced, we found no evidence for reduction of nontarget insects, regardless of taxon. Night-flying Lepidoptera may experience greater risk than other nontarget taxa, but overall effects of adulticide missions on this group were low and inconsistent. Instead, meteorology, habitat, and phenology dominate patterns of nontarget abundance. Mosquito reduction was more clearly observed and corrected post-mission reduction was consistent with results expected in complex urban and suburban treatment zones.

Note: Interestingly this paper did not present results for Diptera groups closely related to mosquitoes such as the Chironomidae, but rather focused on larger-bodied groups such as the Calliphoridae. Regardless, the study seemed well-done and should provide useful information to support the application of adulticides.

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Colorado tick fever in the United States, 2013-2022. Fagre A., et al. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 111(3), 2024, pp. 598–602 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.24-0044

Abstract [condensed]. Colorado tick fever (CTF) virus is an arbovirus maintained in an enzootic cycle between Rocky Mountain wood ticks (Dermacentor andersoni) and rodent species in the western United States. Individuals with CTF typically present with symptoms including fever, headache, myalgia, and lethargy, with a biphasic illness frequently occurring. ‘Authors’ reviewed data on CTF cases reported to the national U.S. arboviral disease surveillance system and identified through testing at the CDC to characterize the epidemiology of CTF from 2013–2022. During this period, 148 CTF cases were identified, all likely infected in an endemic area in one of six states (Montana, Wyoming, Oregon, Colorado, Utah, Idaho). These findings substantiate the continued circulation of CTF virus in the western United States, highlighting the importance of implementing approaches to ensure CTF awareness for medical providers and providing education on tick bite prevention strategies for residents and visitors to risk areas.

Note: Although CTF cases have not be reported from California, the authors’ distribution maps show the presence of the principal vector D. andersoni in the Sierra, Tehachapi and northern Coast Ranges.

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